The Hidden Symbolism in Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait

At first glance, Jan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait (1434) looks like a simple double portrait of a wealthy couple. But look closer, and you’ll discover a masterpiece packed with hidden messages and subtle details that have fascinated viewers for centuries. This iconic work is often seen as a quiet narrative—one that goes beyond paint and canvas to speak of love, faith, and identity, says one of the top emerging Indian contemporary artists and painters, Shantala Palat.

Who was Jan van Eyck—and what does the Arnolfini Portrait truly symbolise?

Jan van Eyck was a Flemish painter of the Early Northern Renaissance, celebrated for his incredible use of oil paint and realistic detail. His work transformed how people saw painting—literally. With depth, texture, and light, he made scenes feel alive. He wasn’t just painting people—he was telling stories through symbols.

And in the Arnolfini Portrait, every object matters.

The small dog at the couple’s feet? A sign of fidelity and loyalty. The woman’s green dress is linked to fertility and prosperity. Her slightly rounded stomach may represent beauty ideals or the hope of future children—not necessarily pregnancy.

The mirror in the background holds a surprise: two tiny reflections, likely of witnesses or van Eyck himself, and is surrounded by medallions showing Christ’s Passion—perhaps reminding viewers of sacrifice and spiritual presence.

A single burning candle in the chandelier is thought to signify God’s presence, while the discarded shoes suggest they’re on holy ground, possibly indicating a sacred or marital ritual.

So, this isn’t just a portrait. It’s a quiet, symbolic ceremony frozen in time. Van Eyck used everyday objects to weave a layered message—one that still invites viewers to stop, stare, and wonder.